Respons Pertumbuhan Setek Lada Perdu (Piper nigrum L.) Akibat Pemberian Zat Pengatur Tumbuh Iba (Indole butyric acid)

Abstract

Propagation of shrub pepper using a cuttings of fruit branches which does not include a portion of the roots of a long and not uniform climbing tendrils can be overcome by using IBA. This research had been conducted at experimental field of College of Agriculture USU (± 32 m asl.) from March until July 2018. The experiment method used was factorial Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 2 treatment factors; planting material S1 (Primary Fruit Branch), S2 (Secondary Fruit Branch), and giving IBA (Indolyl -3-butyric acid) P0 (Control), P1 (1000 ppm), P2 (2000 ppm), P3 (3000 ppm), P4 (4000 ppm). The parameters observed were the percentage of sprouting cuttings, a number of shoots, shoots length, a number of leaves, crown dry weight, root dry weight, crown root ratio, and blooming age. The results of research showed that the treatment of cuttings planting material significantly affected the number of leaf parameters. The IBA treatment significantly affected on the percentage of sprouting cuttings, a number of shoots, a number of leaves, shoots length, root dry weight, crown dry weight and crown root ratio. The interaction of cutting planting material and giving IBA significantly affected on the percentage of sprouting cuttings, a number of shoots, shoots root ratio, blooming age doesn’t significantly affected on the parameters of leaf number, root dry weight, crown dry weight. The best result were found in a combination of secondary fruit branch treatment with 4000 ppm IBA.

Perbanyakan Lada perdu dengan menggunakan setek cabang buah yang tidak mengikutsertakan sebagian akar dari buku sulur panjat terbentuk lama dan tidak seragam dapat diatasi dengan Penggunaan IBA. Penelitian ini telah dilaksanakan di lahan percobaan Fakultas Pertanian USU Medan yang berada ± 32 m dpl dari bulan Maret – Juli 2018. Metode percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) faktorial dengan 2 faktor perlakuan yaitu Bahan Tanam yaitu S1(Cabang Buah Primer), S2 (Cabang Buah Sekunder), dan Pemberian IBA (indolyl -3- butyric acid) yaitu P0 (Kontrol), P1(1000 ppm), P2 (2000 ppm), P3 (3000 ppm ), P4 (4000 ppm). Parameter yang diamati adalah persentase setek bertunas, jumlah tunas, panjang tunas, jumlah daun, bobot Kering tajuk, bobot kering akar, rasio akar tajuk, dan umur berbunga. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan bahan tanam setek berpengaruh nyata terhadap parameter jumlah daun. Perlakuan IBA berpengaruh nyata terhadap persentase setek bertunas, jumlah tunas , jumlah daun, panjang tunas, bobot kering akar, bobot kering tajuk dan ratio akar tajuk. Interaksi bahan tanam setek dan pemberian IBA berpengaruh nyata pada persentase setek bertunas, jumlah tunas, ratio akar tajuk, umur berbunga dan tidak berpengaruh nyata pada parameter jumlah daun, bobot kering akar, bobot kering tajuk. Hasil terbaik terdapat pada kombinasi perlakuan cabang buah sekunder dengan IBA 4000 ppm.