Pengaruh Perbandingan Tepung Talas, Tepung Jagung, dengan Tepung Pisang dan Persentase Kuning Telur Terhadap Mutu Flakes Talas

Abstract

The purpose of this research was to find the effect of ratio of taro flour, corn flour, with banana flour and yolk percentage on the quality of taro flakes. The study was performed in May – July 2016 at the Laboratory of Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of North Sumatra, Medan, using factorial completely randomized block design with two factors i.e ratio of taro flour, corn flour, with banana flour (P) (80:10:10; 70:20:10; 60:30:10; and 50:40:10) and yolk percentage (T) (2%; 4%; 6%; and 8%). The parameters that analyzed were water content, ash content, fat content, protein content, carbohydrate content, crude fiber content, water absorption, crispness resilience in milk, texture, organoleptic test of color, flavor, taste, and acceptability. The results showed that the ratio of taro flour, corn flour, with banana flour had a highly significant effect on water content, protein content, carbohydrate content, texture, organoleptic test of color and acceptability while the yolk percentage had a highly significant effect on water content, fat content, protein content, carbohydrate content, texture, organoleptic test of color and acceptability and had no significant effect on ash content, crude fiber content, water absorption, crispness resilience in milk, organoleptics test of taste and flavor. The interaction between the two factors had significantly affected water content, texture, organoleptic test of color, and acceptability. The best taro flakes was the P4T3 treatment i.e the ratio of taro flour, corn flour, with banana flour of (50:40:10) and yolk percentage of 6%.

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh perbandingan tepung talas, tepung jagung, dengan tepung pisang dan persentase kuning telur terhadap mutu flakes talas. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Mei - Juli 2016 di Laboratorium Teknologi Pangan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap yang terdiri dari dua faktor yaitu perbandingan tepung talas, tepung jagung, dengan tepung pisang (P) (80: 10:10; 70:20:10; 60:30:10; dan 50:40:10) dan persentase kuning telur (T) dengan empat taraf yaitu (2%; 4%; 6%; dan 8%). Parameter yang dianalisis adalah kadar air, kadar abu, kadar lemak, kadar protein, kadar karbohidrat, kadar serat kasar, daya serap air, ketahanan renyah dalam susu, tekstur, dan organoleptik (warna, aroma, rasa, dan penerimaan panelis). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perbandingan tepung talas, tepung jagung, dengan tepung pisang memberikan pengaruh berbeda sangat nyata terhadap kadar air, kadar protein, kadar karbohidrat, kadar serat kasar, daya serap air, kerenyahan dalam susu, uji tekstur, organoleptik warna, aroma, rasa, dan penerimaan panelis sedangkan persentase kuning telur memberikan pengaruh berbeda sangat nyata terhadap kadar air, kadar lemak, kadar protein, kadar karbohidrat, tekstur, organoleptik warna, dan penerimaan panelis serta memberikan pengaruh berbeda tidak nyata terhadap kadar abu, kadar serat kasar, daya serap air, kerenyahan dalam susu, organoleptik aroma dan rasa. Interaksi antara kedua faktor memberikan pengaruh berbeda sangat nyata terhadap kadar air, tekstur, organoleptik warna, dan penerimaan panelis. Formulasi flakes talas terbaik terdapat pada perlakuan P4T3 yaitu perbandingan tepung talas, tepung jagung, dengan tepung pisang (50:40:10) dan persentase kuning telur 6%.