Pengaruh Kombinasi Pupuk Kandang Ayam dan Agens Hayati untuk Mengendalikan Penyakit Layu Bakteri Kentang (Ralstonia solanacearum) di Rumah Kaca

Abstract

Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) in Indonesia is a commodity that priorities to developed and has the potential to be marketed in the domestic as well as export. One of the obstacles is important that faced is pathogen soil borne which is caused by the Ralstonia solanacearum. This pathogen can causing loss of yield of potato 40-100%. Bacillus sp. and Pseudomonas fluorescens are antagonistic microbes that are proven to be able to control bacterial wilt disease by 69,95% and 61,67%. This study aimed to determine the effect of the comparison composition of growing media and the ability of some agents of biological within suppress the growth of the disease wilt bacteria of potatoes which is caused by R. solanacearum. This research using completely randomized design (CRD) nonfactorial with 6 treatments, namely: M0 (top soil), M1 (top soil, R. solanacearum), M2 (top soil, R. solanacearum, P. fluorescens), M3 (top soil, R. solanacearum, Bacillus subtilis), M4 (top soil, Chicken manure, R. solanacearum, P. fluorescens), M5 (Top soil, Chicken manure, R. solanacearum, B. subtilis). The results showed that the application of biological agents was able to suppress the growth of the pathogen R. solanacearum, as well as significantly affect plant height, number of shoots, disease incidence, disease severity and production.

Kentang (Solanum tuberosum L.) di Indonesia merupakan komoditas yang jadi prioritas untuk dikembangkan, dan berpotensi untuk dipasarkan di dalam negeri maupun ekspor. Salah satu kendala penting yang dihadapi ialah patogen tular-tanah yang disebabkan oleh bakteri R. solanacearum. Patogen ini dapat menyebabkan kehilangan hasil tanaman kentang 40–100%. Bacillus sp. dan P. fluorescens merupakan mikroba antagonis yang terbukti mampu mengendalikan penyakit layu bakteri (R. solanacearum) pada tomat sebesar 69,95% dan 61,67%. Penelitian ini bertujuan Untuk mengetahui pengaruh perbandingan komposisi media tanam dan kemampuan beberapa agens hayati dalam menekan pertumbuhan penyakit layu bakteri pada tanaman kentang yang di sebabkan oleh R. solanacearum. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) nonfaktorial dengan 6 perlakuan, yaitu: M0 (top soil), M1 (top soil, R. solanacearum), M2 (top soil, R. solanacearum, P. fluorescens), M3 (top soil, R. solanacearum, Bacillus subtilis), M4 (top soil, pupuk kandang ayam, R. solanacearum, P. fluorescens), M5 (Top soil, pupuk kandang ayam, R. solanacearum, B. subtilis). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi agens hayati mampu menekan pertumbuhan patogen R. solanacearum, serta berpengaruh nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman, banyak tunas, kejadian penyakit, keparahan penyakit dan produksi.