Sistem Kendali Suhu dan Laju Pemanasan Pirolisis Limbah Plastik Jenis LDPE Berbasis IoT dengan Metode PID Controller

Abstract

Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE) plastic is a common and widely used material in society, or in industry and the environment. The large number of LDPE plastic waste needs results in environmental problems. One of the processes to overcome environmental problems in LDPE plastic waste can be done using the pyrolysis process. Pyrolysis is a process of decomposition of raw materials through a heating process and undergoes cooling to produce oil. The processing of LDPE type plastic waste by pyrolysis has a working principle that controls the temperature during the heating process using a PID controller which will regulate the MG966R servo motor how the servo rotation position is to close and open the oil rate on the used oil stove so that the temperature in the process matches the setpoint 420 °C. Ziegler-Nichols method 1 with Kp is 5.07; Ki value is 0.005; and Kd value is 1,259.8 so that the optimal temperature test results are obtained at a set point temperature of 420 °C and produces 800 ml of oil. This system uses PID control to maintain the reactor temperature according to the set point by utilizing a type K thermocouple as a temperature sensor that uses an MG996R servo motor that controls the flow of fuel from used oil, with flow measurements using a YF-S01 flow meter sensor and sent in real-time to the Blynk application via an ESP32 microcontroller. This system is increase pyrolysis efficiency and support more environmentally friendly plastic waste management.