Hubungan Kesehatan Lingkungan Rumah dengan Keluhan Infeksi Saluran Pernapasan Akut (ISPA) pada Balita di Desa Gurgur Aekraja Kabupaten Toba

Abstract

ARI is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in children under five years of age worldwide, including in Indonesia. Based on the Tampahan Health Center report, there were 17.3% of ARI cases in 2023, placing this disease as the disease with the highest visits, especially in toddlers aged 2-5 years. The physical condition of the house and the behavior of family members are factors that are thought to potentially increase the risk of ARI in toddlers. This study aims to analyze the relationship between household environmental health and the incidence of Acute Respiratory Infections (ARI) in toddlers in Gurgur Village Aekraja Toba District. This study used a cross-sectional design with a sample size of 50 respondents selected through purposive sampling technique. Data analysis methods using univariate analysis and bivariate analysis with Chi-square test. The results of the analysis showed that there was a relationship between ventilation (p value = 0,027), occupancy density (p value = 0,044), humidity (p value = 0,041), smoking in the house (p value = 0,023) the use of mosquito repellent (p value = 0,026), burning garbage (p value = 0,017), and exclusive breastfeeding (p value = 0,009) with ARI complaints in toddlers. Meanwhile, there is no relationship between temperature (p value = 0,938) and type of floor (p value = 0,631) with ARI complaints in children under five. Houses with inappropriate environmental health conditions will play a role in increasing the risk of ARI in children under five. It is recommended that the community maintain the health of the home environment to reduce the risk of ARI in toddlers.