Gangguan Fungsi Pendengaran pada Pasien yang Menjalani Kemoterapi Cisplatin di Divisi THT Onkologi RSUP Haji Adam Malik Medan Ditinjau dari Pemeriksaan Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emissions (DPOAE) dan Audiometri Nada Murni

Abstract

Introduction: Cisplatin chemotherapy is the mainstay of chemotherapy widely used in head and neck malignancies. Cisplatin results in bilateral, permanent, sensorineural hearing loss at high frequencies usually above 8000 Hz. Pure tone audiometry is a tolerable examination for patients undergoing chemotherapy and distortion product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE) can evaluate the cochlear response at high frequencies and is sensitive to detect ototoxicity. Objective: This study aims to assess hearing function impairment in patients undergoing cisplatin chemotherapy based on DPOAE examination and pure tone audiometry. Methods: This study used an observational analytic study design with a study sample of 18 patients with head and neck malignancies at the ENT Polyclinic of the Oncology Division, Haji Adam Malik Hospital Medan who received cisplatin chemotherapy and met the inclusion criteria. DPOAE and pure tone audiometry examinations were conducted before and after patients received the first cycle of cisplatin chemotherapy. Results: It was found that there were changes in SNR values at almost all frequencies, but overall the patient's hearing function was still normal. There was a significant decrease in SNR value at a frequency of 8000 Hz to a frequency of 12,000 Hz (p<0.05). In the pure tone audiometry examination before and after cisplatin chemotherapy, there were changes in hearing threshold values at almost all frequencies, but overall the average hearing threshold of patients was still in the normal category. There was a significant decrease in hearing threshold at a frequency of 8000Hz (p<0.05). Conclusion: This study identified hearing function impairment in patients after undergoing the first cycle of cisplatin chemotherapy. There was a significant difference in SNR values based on DPOAE examination and hearing threshold values based on pure tone audiometry examination between before and after receiving cisplatin chemotherapy, which occurred at high frequencies.