Hubungan Tingkat Hidrasi Kulit dengan Derajat Keparahan Dermatitis Popok pada Anak Usia 0-24 Bulan

Abstract

Background: Diaper dermatitis is a common dermatological condition in children, particularly those aged 0-24 months, characterized by mild to severe inflammation. Over hydration skin has been associated with the occurrence of diaper dermatitis, as it can disrupt the skin barrier and trigger inflammation. Objective: To determine the relationship between skin hydration levels and the severity of diaper dermatitis in children aged 0-24 months. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 87 children aged 0-24 months with diaper dermatitis. Skin hydration levels were measured using a Corneometer® CM 825. The severity of diaper dermatitis was assessed using the Buckley Scale. Additionally, skin pH, measured with a pH meter, and the most common type of rash identified during patient examination were analyzed to identify correlations. Data analysis used the Chi-Square test, and results were considered significant if p<0,05. Results: The relationship between the level of skin hydration and the severity of diaper dermatitis showed significant results (p=0.034) where the majority of subjects had a sufficiently hydrated degree of skin hydration in the diaper area, which was 69 people. There were also significant results between skin pH and the severity of diaper dermatitis (p=0.014) where the majority of subjects had an alkaline pH, which was 41 people. The most prevalent type of rash is macular erythema in 80 children. Conclusion: Skin with over hydration levels and an alkaline pH has a higher risk of more severe diaper dermatitis. The most common rash found in children with diaper dermatitis is erythematous macules.