Pengaruh Pemberian Ekstrak Daun Pirdot (Saurauia vulcani Korth.) terhadap Ekspresi Gen Dilp 2, Dilp 5, Bobot dan Lokomotor Larva Drosophila melanogaster Model Hiperglikemia

Abstract

Hyperglycemia is a medical condition caused by elevated blood glucose levels often associated with diabetes mellitus (DM). Pirdot leaf extract (Saurauia vulcani Korth.) is traditionally known for its potential antihyperglycemic properties. This study employed Drosophila melanogaster as an alternative model to examine the antihyperglycemic effects of Pirdot leaf extract. The study aimed to analyze the effect of Pirdot leaf extract administration on weight, locomotion, and the expression of Dilp 2 and Dilp 5 genes in hyperglycemia-induced Drosophila melanogaster. This research utilized an experimental design with a post-test only control group method. Hyperglycemia was induced using a high-sugar diet (30% sucrose) in Drosophila melanogaster. The fly population was divided into five treatment groups: normal control, hyperglycemia control, and three groups treated with Pirdot leaf extract at concentrations of 0.01%, 0.1%, and 1%. Analysis was conducted on weight, larval locomotion, and Dilp 2 and Dilp 5 gene expression parameters using the RT-qPCR method. Pirdot leaf extract significantly reduced the expression of Dilp 2 and Dilp 5 genes at 0.01%, 0.1%, and 1% concentrations, with the 1% concentration showing effects close to the normal control group. The extract also enhanced larval locomotion speed and improved larval weight disrupted by hyperglycemia. Pirdot leaf extract has potential as an antihyperglycemic agent, with mechanisms involving improved insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism recovery. The high-sugar diet-induced Drosophila melanogaster model offers an alternative platform for hyperglycemia studies.