Karakteristik Gambaran Visualisasi Bronkoskopi pada Pasien Kanker Paru di RSUP Haji Adam Malik Medan Tahun 2023

Abstract

Background: Lung carcinoma, or lung cancer, is a tumor that originates in the lung parenchyma or bronchi. Cigarette smoking, including secondhand smoke exposure, is the leading cause of lung cancer. Lung cancer is divided into two main types: Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) and Small Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC). Bronchoscopy is an important tool in the diagnosis and management of lung carcinoma, allowing tissue or mucus samples to be taken via biopsy. Timely bronchoscopy is essential for the rapid and accurate diagnosis of lung carcinoma.Objective: This study aimed to determine the relationship between bronchoscopic visualization images and carcinoma cell type characteristics from histopathology.Methods: An observational analytic cross-sectional study was conducted from October 2023 until the sample size was met. Data included bronchoscopic visualization images and lung carcinoma cell types from histopathology. Data were analyzed univariately and bivariately to assess the relationship between bronchoscopic visualization and lung carcinoma cell type in lung cancer patients.Results: Of the 62 patients, 50 were male (80%), with the majority aged 20-60 years (54%). Batak ethnicity dominated (73%), and 44% of patients worked outside the home. Most patients were married (87%). All patients had NSCLC (100%). Based on bronchoscopy, 62% of cases were in a central location, 65% had a partially closed orifices, 77.5% showed hyperemic mucosa, 83.8% had mucoid secretions, and 32.2% were in the right main bronchus.Conclusion: Lung carcinoma is most commonly found in the right main bronchus and is most prevalent in males, with NSCLC as the most common cancer cell type.