Analisis Faktor-Faktor yang Memengaruhi Kualitas Tidur Berdasarkan Karakteristik Sosiodemografik pada Penduduk di Desa Bagan Asahan Kabupaten Asahan

Abstract

Background: Sleep problems are one of the leading causes of disease burden globally. According to the National Sleep Foundation about 37% of American adults report poorer sleep by 2023 than in previous years. Bagan Asahan Village, Tanjung Balai Subdistrict, which is a disadvantaged area with limited health access, there is no adequate data regarding the quality of community sleep. Ismah (2021) has conducted research in Deli Serdang Regency Rural residents are 1.5 times more likely to experience poor sleep quality. However, no research has examined what factors can affect poor sleep quality in disadvantaged villages. This study aims to analyze the sleep quality of villagers and the sociodemographic factors that influence it. Methods: This study used a multivariate analytic design with a cross-sectional approach. The sample was randomly drawn using a cluster sampling approach, involving 308 individuals aged 19 to 59 years in Bagan Asahan Village. Sleep quality was measured using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Data analysis used logistic regression to assess the association between independent variables, such as age, gender, education, smoking, and coffee consumption, and the dependent variable, sleep quality. Results: Of the 308 participants, 47.1% had poor sleep quality. Bivariate analysis showed significant associations between education (p=0.025), smoking (p=0.001), and coffee consumption (p<0.001) with sleep quality. Individuals with low education had a 4.40 times higher risk of experiencing poor sleep quality than those with higher education. The Hosmer-Lemeshow test showed a p=0.921, indicating a good logistic regression model, while the Area Under Curve (AUC) value of 62.6% indicated the model's ability to distinguish individuals with good and poor sleep quality. Conclusion: This study concluded that the factors of education, smoking, and coffee consumption have a significant influence on the quality of sleep in Bagan Asahan Village. No significant relationship was found between gender, marital status, occupation, and income with sleep quality. These findings emphasize the importance of more integrated health interventions and community education on the negative impact of smoking and coffee consumption on sleep quality. In addition, this study encourages the development of programs to