Analisis Korelasi Karakteristik Demografik dan Kadar Kolesterol terhadap Skor Ansietas pada Penduduk Sosial Ekonomi Rendah di Kecamatan Kutalimbaru

Abstract

Background: Socioeconomic status is defined as a combination of education, income level, and occupation that results in differences in morbidity and mortality, leading to inequalities in medical service utilization. Patients with lower socioeconomic status are at increased risk of poorer health, morbidity and premature death. Mental health disorders are prevalent in low-income communities. Despite their high burden, anxiety disorders have the lowest proportion of professional care among all classes of mental disorders. Based on a comparison of treatment availability with treatment effects seen in clinical trials, it is estimated that only 12.5% of the global anxiety burden is preventable through treatment. Most people with anxiety disorders do not have sufficient socioeconomic status to afford effective treatment, so anxiety disorders remain undetected and untreated by healthcare systems, even in developed countries. Methods: This study was conducted using a cross-sectional design on 124 residents of Kutalimbaru District, Deli Serdang Regency, North Sumatra Province by probability sampling type cluster sampling. Data were analyzed with the SPSS program using the GAD-7 (General Anxiety Disorder)-7 instrument to analyze the correlation of demographic characteristics such as age, gender, marital status, educational status, occupation, income and cholesterol levels with anxiety scores in low socioeconomic residents in North Sumatra. Test data normality using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. Data analysis used Pearson Correlation test if the data was normally distributed, and Spearman Correlation test if the data was not normally distributed then multivariate linear regression analysis was performed. Results: Of the 124 residents of Kutalimbaru District, Deli Serdang Regency, North Sumatra Province, the age variable with a median (min-max) value of 39 years (20-59 years) with an educational background is 12 years (6-15 years), and has an income with a median (min-max) of 1.3 million (1.0-1.5 million). Cholesterol levels in this study sample had a median (min-max) value of 197 mg/dl (101-300) and anxiety scores had a mean ± sb value of 10.67 ± 4.409. The largest proportion of gender is female as many as 73 people (58.88%) with the most marital status is married as many as 91 people (73.38%) and the most employment status is working as many as 100 people (80.6%). Conclusion: There is a significant correlation between gender and marital status and anxiety scores with a strong positive correlation, there is a significant correlation between education and anxiety scores with a very strong negative correlation and there is a significant correlation between occupation and anxiety scores with a moderate negative correlation in low socioeconomic residents. There is no correlation between age, income and cholesterol levels on anxiety scores in low socioeconomic residents.