Analisis Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Sindrom Depresi, Ansietas dan Stres pada Penduduk di Desa Tertinggal

Abstract

Background: Mental health is a fundamental aspect that affects quality of life. Depression, anxiety, and stress are important indicators of mental health disorders, and the prevalence of these three disorders continues to increase globally. In Indonesia, underdeveloped villages often experience inequality in access to mental health services. Socioeconomic and demographic factors play an important role in the incidence of depression, anxiety and stress syndromes, especially in rural areas. Methods: This study employed a cross-sectional design with a cluster sampling method. The Indonesian version of the DASS-21 instrument was used to assess depression, anxiety, and stress syndromes in 376 respondents from Bagan Asahan Village. Data were analyzed using multivariate logistic regression, and the significance of the relationship was measured using the odds ratio (OR) and p value. Results: Age was found to be significantly associated with depression (p=0.034), with an OR of 1.74, indicating that pre-elderly residents were 1.74 times more likely to experience depression than young adults after controlling for educational status, marital status, and BMI. Income was significantly associated with anxiety (p=0.001; OR=2.19) and stress (p=0.005; OR=4.38), showing that residents with higher incomes were at greater risk of anxiety and stress compared to those with lower incomes after controlling for other variables. Conclusion: There is a significant association between age and depression, as well as between income and anxiety and stress among residents of underdeveloped villages. Pre-elderly individuals are 1.74 times more likely to experience depression than young adults. Higher income increases the risk of anxiety by 2.19 times and stress by 4.38 times compared to lower income. No other variables were identified as confounders in these associations.