Perbandingan Panjang Aksial, Kedalaman Bilik Mata Depan dan Ketebalan Lensa pada Penderita Miopia dengan dan Tanpa Riwayat Penyakit Alergi

Abstract

Objective: Through the mechanism of inflammatory induction, allergic conditions in children can lead to progressive worsening of myopia. Several parameters that may be affected include axial length, anterior chamber depth, and lens thickness. This study aims to assess the differences in axial length, anterior chamber depth, and lens thickness in myopic patients with and without a history of allergic disease at the Prof. Chairuddin P. Lubis Universitas Sumatera Utara Hospital. Methods: This study is an analytical observational study with a cross-sectional design. All myopic refractive disorder patients with and without allergic disease who visited our outpatient clinic in 2024, aged 14 to 18 years, and wearing glasses with negative spherical correction were included in the study. Exclusion criteria for this study were a history of eye infections in the last 2 weeks, history of contact lens use in the last 2 weeks, use of cycloplegic eye drops, and those with a history of congenital eye disorders Results: A total of 67 individuals who met the study criteria were included, divided into two groups: 33 in the allergic disease group and 34 in the non-allergic disease group. The mean axial length in the allergic group was 24.24 ± 1.18 mm, while in the non-allergic group, it was 23.53 ± 1.29 mm. The anterior chamber depth in the allergic group was 3.41 ± 0.4 mm, compared to 3.36 ± 0.39 mm in the non-allergic group. The lens thickness in the allergic group was 3.81 ± 0.4 mm, whereas in the non-allergic group, it was 3.76 ± 0.28 mm. Statistical testing showed a significant difference in axial length (p = 0.001), while no significant difference was found in anterior chamber depth (p = 0.422) and lens thickness (p = 0.517). Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that there is a difference in axial length between myopic patients with or without a history of allergic, but no differences were found in anterior chamber depth and lens thickness