Uji In Vitro Efek Sitotoksisitas Kombinasi Biomaterial Graf Tulang Bovine Hydroxyapatite – Propolis pada Sel Punca Mesenkim

Abstract

Introduction: Propolis is a resin compound from plant exudates collected by bees in order to maintain the homeostasis of their nest. As a bioactive constituent, propolis holds promising clinical potential when combined with other biomaterials. Co-administration of Bovine Hydroxyapatite (BHA) and propolis could promote the expression of Fibroblast Growth Factor-2 (FGF-2), Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF), and osteoblastic production. Yet, no study has been investigating the cytotoxic effects of BHA and propolis combinations on mesenchymal stem cell model. Methods: This is true experimental study using post-test only control group. This study evaluates the cytotoxic effect of four different combination: BHA-only control, BHA-propolis 25%, BHA-propolis 50%, and BHA-propolis 75%. Material characterization was performed using SEM-EDX, FTIR, and XRD analysis. Cytotoxic assay was performed by optical density measurement using MTT-assay. Results: 32 samples was obtained and divided into 4 experimental group. Combination of BHA-Propolis 50% had the highest porosity with the same chemical structure to control. The BHA-Propolis combination significantly increase the cell concentration in human umbilical MSC model (p = 0.0001). Conclusion: BHA-Propolis combination did not exhibit cytotoxic properties in human umbilical MSC models. Combining propolis to BHA improves biomaterial porosity and cell viability of MSC without changing BHA chemical structure.