Faktor Risiko Asma pada Pasien Dewasa Penderita Asma di Rumah Sakit Pendidikan Profesor Dokter Chairuddin Panusunan Lubis Medan

Abstract

Introduction. Asma is a disease characterized by the chronic obstruction of airways. Clinically, it manifests as shortness of breath, cough, and sputum. The obstruction is reversible and arises from chronic airway obstruction. The incidence of asthma is high, especially in individuals who do not regularly expose themselves to asthma-causing factors, making it difficult to withstand the effects of these factors. Objective. To analyze the risk factors for asthma in adult males at RSP Prof. Dr. Chairuddin P. Lubis. Method. This research used cross-sectional as the approach with descriptive and analytical observational methods. The data collected were secondary data from medical records of patients at RSP Prof. Dr. Chairuddin P. Lubis in 2022-2023, using total sampling technique. The sample for this study consisted of 169 adult males with asthma and 130 adult males without asthma. The test conducted using Chi-Square test. Results and Discussion. The results of the study showed that out of 184 patients examined, 116 suffered from asthma and 68 did not. The bivariate analysis of the relationship between risk factors for asthma in patients with asthma yielded a significance value of p<0.05, indicating a significant relationship for categories such as age category adult, pre-elderly, and elderly, history of recurrent ISPA, and obesity in adult males. In contrast, the analysis of other risk factors showed no significant correlation. Conclusion. There is a significant relationship between risk factors such as age category adult, pre-elderly, and elderly, history of recurrent ISPA, and obesity in adult with asthma.