Uji Toksisitas Akut dan Subkronik Ekstrak VCO Kurkuminoid dari Rimpang Kunyit (Curcuma domestica Vahl.) terhadap Tikus Putih (Rattus novergicus)

Abstract

Turmeric (Curcuma domestica Vahl.) is a traditional medicinal plant with many benefits. Curcuminoid is a turmeric content that has activities such as lowering blood sugar, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-carcinogenic. The objective of this research was to evaluation the safety of curcuminoid VCO extract which can cause damage to organisms. Toxicity evaluation was carried out on curcuminoid VCO extract which was extracted using the Microwave Assisted Extraction method with medium power (270 Watt) for 10 minutes. Identification of curcuminoids was carried out using TLC-Densitometry. Acute toxicity evaluation was carried out on female mice observed for 14 days. Subchronic toxicity evaluation was carried out on female and male mice for 90 days, plus 28 days of observation in the satellite group. Examination includes organ macropathology, body weight, blood hematology, clinical biochemistry, histopathology and signs of toxic symptoms. The results of the study the acute toxicity evaluation was toxic at a dose of 2000 mg/KgBW. Toxic subchronic toxicity evaluation at a dose of 1000 mg/KgBW and satellite 1000 mg/KgBW with symptoms of toxicity in the form of diarrhea, hair changes, walking backwards, and walking using the stomach. and affects body weight >10%. Macropathological observations showed accumulation of fatty liver and lungs. Microscopic observation showed bleeding in the central vein, proximal tubular bleeding, and dilation of Bowman's capsule, and there was death of the test animal. There were significant differences in hematological and clinical blood biochemistry tests (p<0.05) compared to the CMC Na 0.5% group and the VCO group. Based on research results, curcuminoid VCO extract is acutely toxic at a dose of 2000 mg/KgBW. Subchronically toxic at a dose of 1000 mg/KgBW and is irreversible, affecting body weight, hematological values, clinical blood biochemistry, macropathology and organ histopathology.