Implementasi Analisis Faktor dan Analisis Jalur dalam Mengidentifikasi Faktor-Faktor yang Memengaruhi Kemiskinan di Provinsi Aceh

Abstract

This research implements factor analysis and path analysis methods to identify the factors that influence Poverty in Aceh Province. The data used is sourced from the Central Bureau of Statistics of Aceh Province in 2023. Factor analysis is used to simplify data by grouping observational indicators that have a strong correlation into latent factors that are fewer than the original indicators, so that complex data structures can be represented and explained more simply. Path analysis is used to describe and measure cause-and-effect relationships between variables using arrow diagrams and regression analysis, so that can better understand how changes in one variable can affect another. The results of the implementation of factor analysis show that there are three factors formed, namely: (1) the Community Productivity factor formed by indicators of the percentage of the labor force that works, the percentage of the population 15 years and over with the highest high school diploma, life expectancy and the percentage of the population that has proper sanitation; (2) the Education and Health Facilities factor formed by indicators of the number of educational facilities, the number of health facilities and the environmental quality index; and (3) the demographic dynamics factor formed by indicators of population growth rate and open unemployment rate. While the results of the implementation of path analysis show that the Community Productivity factor has a negative effect and affects poverty reduction by 34,65%, the education and health facilities factor has a positive effect and affects the addition of poverty by 0,5%, the demographic dynamics factor has a negative effect and affects poverty reduction by 7,8% and the three factors together affect poverty by 42%.