Faktor-Faktor yang Memengaruhi Pola Konsumsi Susu pada Lansia di Kelurahan Ragunan

Abstract

Background. Milk offers benefits for the elderly, such as maintaining bone density and reducing muscle mass loss. However, milk consumption in Indonesia remains low. Objective. This study analyzed factors affecting milk consumption among the elderly in Ragunan Village and identified the most influential factor. Methods. A cross-sectional design was used, involving 98 respondents selected via voluntary response sampling in Ragunan Village, South Jakarta. Knowledge levels and perception were measured using validated and reliable questionnaires, while lactose intolerance, taste preference, and respondent characteristics were self-reported. Milk consumption was assessed using a Food Frequency and Amount Questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using chi-square tests and logistic regression. Results. Elderly milk consumption was very low, with an average of 646.43 ml/week (SD=753.076 ml). This was categorized as “very low” (<460 ml/week) and “low” (>460 ml/week) based on the median value since no respondents met the USDA recommendation of ±4,977 ml/week. Taste preference had a significant relationship with milk consumption (p<0.001); When compared with elderly who do not like the taste of milk, elderly who like the taste of milk tend to have a greater chance of entering the "less" consumption category (OR=42.26). No associations were found between knowledge (p=0.228), perception (p=0.062), living situation (p=0.407), income (p=0.182), or lactose intolerance (p=0.064) and milk consumption. Conclusion. Taste preference is the only variable significantly related to milk consumption among the elderly, suggesting that taste can be a strategic factor in increasing consumption.