Karakteristik Klinis dan Laboratorium Sepsis pada Anak di RSUP H. Adam Malik Medan 2022-2024

Abstract

Background: Pediatric sepsis is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. This condition involves a complex systemic inflammatory response that can lead to organ dysfunction and death. Data on the clinical and laboratory characteristics of pediatric sepsis are crucial for understanding disease patterns; however, related studies in Indonesia, particularly at RSUP H. Adam Malik, remain limited. Objective: To identify the clinical and laboratory characteristics of pediatric sepsis at RSUP H. Adam Malik. Methods: A descriptive observational study with a retrospective approach. Results: The findings showed that the clinical characteristics of pediatric sepsis at RSUP H. Adam Malik were dominated by fever of 36–38.4 °C (71%), normocardic status (58.6%), absence of tachypnea (56.9%), GCS of 0 points (62%), normotension (79.3%), and normal pupillary response (94.8%). Laboratory characteristics revealed elevated CRP levels (98.3%), high PCT levels (87.9%), low NLR (77.6%), normal creatinine (65.5%), normal lactatemia (69%), normal PaO₂ range, PaCO₂ ≤58 mmHg (93.1%), and normal platelet counts (55.2%). All patients received invasive ventilation (100%). Conclusion: This study concludes that the clinical characteristics of pediatric sepsis at RSUP H. Adam Malik were predominantly marked by fever of 36–38.4 °C, normocardic status, absence of tachypnea, low GCS scores, normotension, and normal pupillary response. In terms of laboratory findings, most patients had elevated CRP and PCT levels, low NLR, normal creatinine and lactatemia, as well as PaO₂ and PaCO₂ within normal limits, with all patients undergoing varying types of invasive ventilation.