Profil Gawat Napas pada Anak yang Dirawat di RSUP Haji Adam Malik Medan Periode Juni 2022- Juni 2024

Abstract

Background. The prevalence of respiratory distress in children is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the world, especially in pediatric patients admitted to the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU). Methods. This type of research uses a retrospective descriptive design with secondary data from medical records on pediatric patients at the Hajj Adam Malik Medan Hospital ranging in age from 1 month to 18 years who experience respiratory distress. The number of samples to be used is 87 samples. Total sampling was used to select samples from inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria. Results. Of the 69 patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria, respiratory distress was more common in females (55.1%) and in the toddler and child age groups (43.5% each). The most common clinical symptoms were shortness of breath (87%) and fever (56.5%). The main causative diseases were bronchopneumonia (52.2%) and sepsis (24.6%). A total of 39.1% of patients had good nutritional status, while 27.5% were undernourished and 24.6% were malnourished. Only 34.8% of patients had a complete immunization history. The most common management was ventilator (92.8%) and tracheal intubation (60.9%). The mortality rate of the study was very high, reaching 95.7%.Conclusion.Pediatric respiratory disorders at the Haji Adam Malik Central General Hospital Medan were dominated by patients with bronchopneumonia and sepsis, with a high mortality rate. The importance of early treatment, good nutritional status, and wider immunization coverage can help reduce morbidity and mortality.