Luaran Ibu dan Bayi Pada Preeklampsia Awitan Dini dan Preeklampsia Awitan Lambat di RSUP. H. Adam Malik dan RS. Prof. Dr. Chairuddin Panusunan Lubis Tahun 2022-2023

Abstract

Introduction. Preeclampsia is the third leading cause of maternal death and the primary cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality. Based on its onset, preeclampsia is divided into early onset preeclampsia (< 34 weeks) and late onset preeclampsia (> 34 weeks). Objective. To determine maternal and perinatal outcomes in early-onset and late-onset preeclampsia. Method. This quantitative research used a descriptive cross sectional study design, by collecting data through medical records. The study population consisted of preeclampsia patients and their newborns from H. Adam Malik General Hospital and Prof. dr. Chairuddin Panusunan Lubis Hospital in 2022-2023. The research sample consisted of 61 mothers and 61 babies, with early onset preeclampsia occurring in 30 mothers and late onset preeclampsia in 31 mothers. Results. The distribution of poor maternal outcomes was more common in early-onset preeclampsia: eclampsia occurred in 1 patient (3.3%), HELLP syndrome in 11 patients (36.7%), pulmonary edema in 2 patients (6.7%), and placental abruption in 2 patients (6.7%), while in late-onset preeclampsia, the maternal outcomes found were HELLP syndrome (9.7%) and placental abruption (3.2%). Poor neonatal outcomes were more frequent in mothers with early-onset preeclampsia, including IUFD in 9 patients (30%), neonatal death in 10 patients (33.3%), LBW in 15 patients (50%), APGAR scores <7 after 5 minutes in 7 patients (23.3%), and NICU admissions in 18 patients (60%), while in late-onset preeclampsia, the neonatal outcomes found were IUFD in 6 patients (19.4%), neonatal deaths in 1 patient (3.2%), LBW in 5 patients (16.1%), APGAR score < 7 after 5 minutes in 2 patients (6.5%), and NICU admission in 4 patients (12.9%). Conclusion. Poor maternal and neonatal outcomes were more common in early-onset preeclampsia.