Pembuatan Biometana dari Limbah Cair Pabrik Kelapa Sawit melalui Proses Fermentasi Termofilik dengan Kapasitas Bahan Baku 42.000 L/Hari

Abstract

Biomethane is the final gas from degradation and fermentation under anaerobic conditions using Methanobacterium sp. bacteria. The main composition of biomethane is methane, carbon dioxide, hydrogen, and hydrogen sulfide. The use of biomethane can be used as a fuel with a positive impact on the environment such as reducing gas emissions, minimising the use of fossil fuels, and reducing the greenhouse effect. With the biomethane power plant, it is expected to be able to meet Indonesia's increasing energy needs, especially in the electricity sector. The bioemethane production plant is designed with a raw material capacity of 42,000 L/day using palm oil mill effluent as raw material. In this plant design, there are three stages of the process, namely the preparation of raw materials, the production process with the fermentation process of carbohydrates, fats, proteins and the purification process. The products produced in this plant are biomethane as the main product and by-products namely Precipitated Calcium Carbonat and liquid fertiliser. The company in this pre-fabrication will have a form of business entity that is planned to be a Perseroan Terbatas (PT) with a form of line and staff organisational structure, 104 employees are needed. The factory location is planned in Selat Beting Village, Panai District, Labuhan batu Regency, North Sumatra Province with an area of 2,950 m2. This factory requires an investment capital of Rp. 254,414,363,992 and production costs per year are Rp 132,339,883,277. With the selling price of the product per year of Rp. 343,812,235,800, in this factory planning will obtain a net profit per year of Rp. 147,345,493,532 with a profit margin of 42%; break even point of 30.2%; return on investment of 29.8%; pay out time for 3.35 years; return on network of 51%% and index rate of return of 44.91%. From the results of economic analysis, it can be concluded that the pre-design of methane gas production plant with thermophilic fermentation process from Palm Oil Mill Liquid Waste is feasible to be established.