Karakteristik dan Luaran Infark Miokard Akut pada Pasien Usia Muda Selama Perawatan di RSUP. H. Adam Malik Tahun 2022 – 2023

Abstract

Background. Acute myocardial infarction (IMA) in young patients is a matter of concern as it has a major impact on the patient and family, including psychological impact, social life, and socio-economic life. However, the characteristics and outcomes of IMA in young patients remain poorly described. Objective. To determine the characteristics and outcomes of acute myocardial infarction in young patients. Methods. Descriptive study with cross sectional design. Data were obtained through the medical records of 64 patients aged ≤ 40 years at H.Adam Malik Hospital in 2022-2023. Data were compared between patients aged ≤ 40 years and age > 40 years. Results and Discussion. Male dominance (89.1%) with the most risk factors were smoking (78.1%), dyslipidemia (70.3%), hypertension (32.8%) and diabetes mellitus (23.4%). The majority were STEMI (93.8%) and predominantly LVEF > 40%. Mortality rate was high with 9 deaths (14.1%), arrhythmia 40.6% and heart failure 7.8%. 70% of patients underwent PCI therapy. Mean troponin I level was 9.96 ± 7.91 ng/ml. Mean creatinine and ureum levels were 1.25 ± 0.89 mg/dl and 35.7 ± 28.0 mg, respectively. Mean sodium, potassium, and chloride levels were 140 ± 6 mEq/L, 4.6 ± 4.5 mEq/L, and 103 ± 4.4 mEq/L. Mean levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL, and LDL were 163 ± 41 mg/dl, 138 ± 78 mg/dl, 30.8 ± 9.6 mg/dl, and 109 ± 64. Conclusion. Patients were predominantly male, smoking and dyslipidemia. Abnormal results were found to be elevated troponin I and low HDL. The diagnosis of IMA is dominated by STEMI and overall the outcome in the hospital is quite good with the dominance of PCI therapy.