Hubungan Pemberian Vaksin Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) terhadap Kejadian Tuberkulosis Paru pada Anak di Rumah Sakit Haji Adam Malik Medan

Abstract

Background. Tuberculosis (TB), particularly pulmonary TB, continues to pose a significant challenge to global health. One approach to preventing its occurrence is administering the Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine to newborns. Aim. The objective of this study is to assess the correlation between BCG vaccination and the prevalence of pulmonary TB in children at Haji Adam Malik Hospital, Medan. Methods. This study utilized an observational, descriptive case-control design. A total of 103 participants were included in the sample group through a total sampling method. For the control group, participants were selected using simple random sampling in a 1:1 ratio. Data for both groups were sourced from medical records at Haji Adam Malik Hospital, Medan. Statistical analysis was performed using the Chi-square test to evaluate the association between variables. Results. The Chi-square association test revealed a significant association between BCG vaccination and the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in children at Haji Adam Malik Hospital, Medan (p<0,01). Conclusion. This research establishes a significant correlation between BCG vaccination and the prevalence of pulmonary TB in children at Haji Adam Malik Hospital, Medan.