Hubungan Faktor Risiko terhadap Derajat Keparahan Pneumonia pada Anak di RSUP Haji Adam Malik Medan Tahun 2022-2024

Abstract

Background. Pneumonia is a lower respiratory tract infection caused by pathogens in the form of viruses or bacteria. Child are a population that is often infected by pathogens that cause pneumonia. This is because of child have a poor immunity compared to adults. Children who have risk factors such as a history of low birth weight, non-exclusive breastfeeding, malnutrition, incomplete vaccination, and congenital heart disease have a worse prognosis for the severity of pneumonia. Objective. To assess the size of relationship between risk factors and the severity of pneumonia in children at Haji Adam Malik General Hospital, Medan. Method. This study used a cross-sectional method with an analytical observation type. The sample used in the study was 71 people taken from secondary data (medical records). Results. The amount of mild pneumonia patients were 51 people (71.8%), moderate pneumonia patients were 14 people (19.7%), and severe pneumonia patients were 6 people (8.5%). Conclusion. There is a relationship between a history of low birth weight (P = 0.010), non-exclusive breastfeeding (P = 0.006), and incomplete vaccination (P = 0.046) with the severity of pneumonia in children.