Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Keluhan Dermatitis Kontak pada Pekerja Salon di Kecamatan Medan Baru Kota Medan

Abstract

Background. Occupational contact dermatitis (OCD) accounts for 70-90% of all occupational skin diseases especially in developing countries. Salon workers are among the high-risk occupations due to their direct exposure to irritants and allergens. The incidence rate reaches 56,1-97,4% cases per 10.000 workers. Objective. The study aims to analyze the relationship between factors such as contact duration, length of employment, history of atopy, previous skin disease, personal hygiene, and PPE use with contact dermatitis complaints. Methods. This is a quantitative analytical study with a cross-sectional design. The study sample consisted of 68 salon workers in Medan Baru District, selected through consecutive sampling. Data collection was conducted using a questionnaire. Data analysis used univariate and bivariate analysis with the Chi-square test, which examines the relationship between categorical variables through statistical testing presented as frequency distribution. Results. There was a significant association between history of atopy (p value = 0,030), personal hygiene (p value = 0,048), and PPE use (p value = 0,030) with contact dermatitis complaints. However, there was no association between contact duration (p value = 0,959), length of employment (p value = 0,554), and previous skin disease (p value = 0,090) with contact dermatitis complaints. Conclusion. There is an association between history of atopy, personal hygiene, and PPE use with contact dermatitis complaints. However, there was no association between contact duration, length of employment, and previous skin disease with contact dermatitis complaints among salon workers in Medan Baru District Medan City.