Hubungan Tingkat Pemahaman Konsep Manajemen Perawatan Diri dengan Kejadian Eksaserbasi pada Pasien Penyakit Paru Obstruktif Kronis Stabil di Rumah Sakit Prof. Dr. Chairuddin P. Lubis Universitas Sumatera Utara

Abstract

Background. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a progressive respiratory condition characterized by persistent airflow limitation, often associated with significant morbidity and mortality. One of the primary challenges in managing COPD is the occurrence of exacerbations, acute episodes of worsening respiratory symptoms that can lead to hospitalization and a decline in quality of life. Understanding the relationship between patients' self-care knowledge and the incidence of exacerbations is crucial to improving patient health outcomes and quality of life. Objective. To analyze the relationship between the level of self-care management knowledge and the incidence of exacerbations in stable COPD patients at Prof. Dr. Chairruddin P. Lubis Hospital, University of North Sumatra. Methods. This study is an analytical study with a cross-sectional design, using a consecutive sampling technique for 78 COPD patients at Prof. Dr. Chairuddin P. Lubis Hospital, University of North Sumatra. Results and Discussion. Among the 78 study respondents, it was found that 41 individuals (52.6%) had good level of knowledge, while 37 individuals (47.4%) had poor level of knowledge. Additionally, 50 individuals (64.1%) had a low frequency of exacerbation events, whereas 28 individuals (35.9%) experienced a high frequency of exacerbation events. Chi-square analysis results on the relationship between the level of self-care management knowledge and the incidence of exacerbations in COPD patients showed a significance value (p-value) of 0.007 and an odds ratio (OR) of 0.266, which indicating a significant relationship between the level of understanding of self-care management and the occurrence of exacerbations in COPD patients. Conclusion. There is a relationship between the level of self-care management knowledge and the incidence of exacerbations in COPD patients.