Hubungan Forward Head Posture dan Durasi Penggunaan Ponsel Pintar dengan Nyeri Leher pada Mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sumatera Utara Angkatan 2021-2023

Abstract

Introduction. Smartphone users continue to increase significantly. Excessive smartphone use is associated with forward head posture (FHP) disorder which can cause strain on the neck muscles and contribute to neck pain. Neck pain is one of the leading causes of global disability burden and is ranked as the fourth largest cause of disability in the world. Objective. This study aims to determine the relationship between forward head posture and duration of smartphone use with neck pain in students of the Faculty of Medicine, University of North Sumatra class of 2021-2023. Method. This study used an analytical survey method with a cross-sectional approach involving 260 students actively using smartphones and the sample was taken by consecutive sampling method. Primary data was collected through a questionnaire using Google Form to students of the Faculty of Medicine, University of North Sumatra class of 2021, 2022, and 2023, then analyzed using the Chi Square test. Results. The majority of respondents were female as many as 177 students (68.1%) with ages mostly in the range of 20-22 years as many as 157 students (60.4%). A total of 135 students (51.9%) use smartphones <7 hours per day and 132 students (50.8%) use smartphones with forward head posture (FHP). A total of 148 students (56.9%) experienced neck pain in the past week. The results of bivariate analysis with Chi Square Test showed the results of p value <0.001 for the relationship between forward head posture with neck pain and p value = 0.036 for the relationship between duration of smart phone use with neck pain. Conclusion. There is an association between forward head posture and duration of smartphone use with neck pain.