Hubungan Antara Usia Gestasi dan Berat Badan Lahir dengan Kadar Bilirubin pada Neonatus di RS Mitra Medika Premiere dan RS Prof. Dr. Chairuddin P. Lubis Universitas Sumatera Utara pada Tahun 2022-2024

Abstract

Background. Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia is a significant challenge in newborn care, particularly in preterm or low birth weight (LBW) infants who are at higher risk. Studies in Nepal and Indonesia indicate an increased incidence of hyperbilirubinemia, potentially leading to neurological complications such as kernicterus. This study explores the relationship between gestational age and LBW with bilirubin levels and compares the incidence of hyperbilirubinemia between hospitals to support more effective prevention strategies. Subject and Methods. This study employed an observational analytic design with a crosssectional approach. A total of 60 neonates (0–28 days old) treated at Mitra Medika Premiere Hospital and Prof. Dr. Chairuddin P. Lubis Hospital from 2022–2024 were selected using consecutive sampling. Data were analyzed using the chi-square test. Results. Most neonates at Mitra Medika Hospital were male with normal gestational age (66.7%), whereas at Prof. Dr. Chairuddin P. Lubis Hospital, the majority were female with preterm gestational age (56.7%). Gestational age and LBW were significantly associated with the incidence of hyperbilirubinemia (p<0.05) in both hospitals. A total of 33% of neonates at Mitra Medika and 35% at Prof. Dr. Chairuddin P. Lubis experienced hyperbilirubinemia, with no significant difference between hospitals (p>0.05). Conclusion. Gestational age and LBW are significantly associated with hyperbilirubinemia in neonates. Preterm and LBW infants are more prone to severe and prolonged hyperbilirubinemia, increasing the risk of neurological complications. Equal access to healthcare services and early detection are essential for preventing complications in both hospitals.