Perbedaan Gambaran Klinis dan Faktor Risiko Penyakit Jantung Koroner pada Pasien Usia di Bawah 50 Tahun dengan Usia 50 Tahun Ke Atas di RSUP Haji Adam Malik Medan

Abstract

Introduction. CHD is a type of heart disease caused by blockage or narrowing of the coronary arteries due to plaque buildup consisting of fat, calcium, and cholesterol. CHD can be influenced by several modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors and is accompanied by clinical symptoms such as chest pain, shortness of breath, nausea, vomiting, and palpitations. Although CHD is more common in older age groups, there is currently a trend of increasing cases among younger individuals. Objective. To determine the differences in clinical features and risk factors for coronary heart disease between those under 50 years of age and those aged 50 years and older. Method. This study used a descriptive analytic method with a cross-sectional approach. The population consisted of 100 CHD patients aged <50 years and ≥50 years at RSUP HAM Medan. Results. The study showed significant differences in clinical features and CHD risk factors between the two age groups in terms of gender and family history, with a p-value <0.05, while no differences were found in other variables with a p-value >0.05. Conclusion. Although older patients have a higher risk, patients under 50 years of age also present certain risk factors that require special attention, such as BMI, family history, and smoking.