Karakteristik Nyeri pada Pasien Pasca Operasi di Rumah Sakit Adam Malik Medan

Abstract

Background. Postoperative pain is a significant issue affecting the healing process and quality of life, with nearly 50% of elective surgery patients experiencing it, and there is a risk of progression to chronic pain. Inadequate pain management, especially in developing countries, can prolong recovery, increase the risk of complications, and raise healthcare costs. Objective. This study aims to explore the characteristics of postoperative patients, including age, gender, ethnicity, religion, educational background, and surgical history, and to identify pain levels within 24 hours post-surgery, as well as the types of analgesics and anesthesia used. Methods. This observational descriptive study employed a cross-sectional approach conducted from July to November 2024. The sample consisted 98 respondent of patients aged 18-65 who underwent elective surgery at RS Adam Malik Hospital in Medan in August 2024, selected through non-probability consecutive sampling. Data were obtained from medical records and questionnaires, and univariate analysis was performed. Results. The findings showed that 2% of patients reported no pain, 15% reported mild pain, 54% reported moderate pain, and 29% reported severe pain. Ortopedic surgery was the most common type (28.6%), and general anesthesia was administered to 53.1% of respondents. Non-opioid analgesics were given to 75.5% of patients. These findings underscore the importance of selecting the type of surgery, anesthesia, and analgesic in managing postoperative pain. Conclusion. The prevalence of postoperative pain at RS Adam Malik Medan is high, and factors related to demographics, type of surgery, and pain management need attention to improve care quality and reduce future pain.