Gambaran Kejadian Post-Concussion Syndrome pada Penggiat Olahraga Bela Diri Amatir di Kota Medan

Abstract

Background: Post-concussion syndrome (PCS) is a common complication that often occurs after concussion, which can significantly impact the quality of life of athletes. Martial arts involve high physical contact, which potentially increases the risk of concussion and PCS, especially among amateur practitioners who often lack adequate medical care access. Objective: This study aims to assess the occurrence of PCS in amateur martial arts practitioners in Medan City. Methods: A descriptive observational study with a cross-sectional design. Data were obtained through questionnaires completed by amateur martial arts practitioners from several martial arts clubs in Medan City. PCS is diagnosed if there are concussion symptoms that persist for more than one month and consist of at least three different symptoms. Results: The study involved 105 respondents with a incidence of PCS at 16.2%. Respondents were diagnosed with PCS reporting common symptoms such as difficulty concentrating (88.2%), prolonged thinking, headaches, and dizziness (82.4%), as well as forgetfulness (76.5%). Complete rest (53,3%) was the most commonly practiced self-treatment. The demographic characteristics of the respondents were predominantly male (85.7%) and late adolescents aged 17-25 years (80%). Athletes experiencing PCS reported negative impacts on their quality of life (42%) and training performance (63.8%). Conclusion: The incidence of PCS among amateur martial arts practitioners in Medan City is relatively high, with more than one-third experiencing symptoms that disrupt training performance. This highlights the need for education, prevention, and head injury management in this sport.