Gambaran Kejadian Mual Muntah Pasca Operasi Pasien yang Menjalani Anestesi Umum di RS Prof. Dr. Chairuddin P. Lubis Medan Periode Bulan Juni – Bulan Oktober 2024

Abstract

Background: Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is a common complication often reported by patients after surgery under general anesthesia. Objective the main objective of this study is to examine the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing general anesthesia at Prof. Dr. Chairuddin P. Lubis Hospital, USU, Medan, from June to October 2024. Method: This study employs an analytical observational methodology with a crosssectional design. The sample was selected using purposive sampling, with the sample size estimated using Lemeshow's formula, resulting in 97 samples. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 27. Results and Discussion: The data show the characteristics of patients who underwent surgical procedures and the types of anesthesia used. Based on age, the largest group was patients aged 19-28 years (32.3%), followed by the group aged 8-18 years (16.7%), with an even distribution across other age groups. The proportion of female patients (55.2%) was higher than male patients (44.8%). The types of surgical procedures varied, including digestive, neurological, ENT, and general surgeries, with most operations lasting between 60 and 90 minutes. Regarding anesthesia, inhalational methods were the most common, while GA TIVA and GA facemask were used less frequently. Postoperatively, there was a significant incidence of PONV, with 40.6% of patients experiencing PONV 4-6 times, 34.4% experiencing it 1-3 times, and 25.0% experiencing it more than 7 times.