Skrining Aktivitas Antikandida dari Ekstrak Etanol Tanaman Herbal Familia Piperaceae

Abstract

Background: Candida albicans infection is an increasing health problem with various complications, especially in individuals with immunodeficiency. Plants from the Piperaceae family are known to have promising antimicrobial potential and have long been used in traditional medicine. Objective: determine the anti- Candida activity of ethanol extracts of herbal plants of the Piperaceae family. Methods: This research is an in vitro test with the research design is true experimental using posttest only design with control group. Sensitivity test of Candida sp. to ethanol extracts of piperaceae family herbal plants by disc diffusion method using several concentrations, namely 12,5%, 25%, and 50%. The inhibition zones for each Piperaceae herbal plant extract were observed in five replicates. Results: The inhibition zone measurements showed that Piper betle L. extract at 12,5%, 25%, and 50% concentrations produced average zones of 16,9; 24,34; and 32,48 mm, respectively. Piper ornatum N.E.Br extract produced zones of 10,52; 5,32; and 0 mm, while Peperomia pellucida (L.) Kunth extract produced 12,54; 8,66; and 8,94 mm. No inhibition zone was observed for Piper retrofractum Vahl extract. Phytochemical screening identified flavonoids, saponins, alkaloids, steroids, and tannins in the extracts. Statistical analysis confirmed significant differences in the mean zone of inhibition between groups (p<0.05). Piper betle L. extract at 50% concentration produced a larger inhibition zone than nystatin (32.48 mm : 24.8 mm). Conclusion: Piper betle L., Piper ornatum N.E.Br, and Peperomia pellucida (L.) Kunth extracts have anticandida activity. The anticandida potential of Piper Betle L extract at 50% concentration was found to be more effective than of nystatin.