Analisis Kasus-Kasus Preeklampsia dengan Pemberat di RS. Adam Malik Periode Tahun 2022-2024

Abstract

Introduction. Maternal mortality is a global health issue, especially in developing countries. In 2022, Indonesia ranked second in Southeast Asia for maternal mortality rates. Preeclampsia is one of the main causes of maternal mortality in Indonesia. Objective. To determine the characteristics of maternal age, education level, occupation, parity, gestational age, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, hemoglobin (Hb) levels, platelet count, urine protein, serum glutamate-pyruvate transaminase (SGPT), serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), serum creatinine, delivery method, neonatal outcomes, maternal outcomes, and differences in laboratory test results between living and deceased maternal outcomes in patients preeclampsia with severe feature. Method. This research is an analytical study with a cross-sectional approach, using total sampling and secondary data that met inclusion criteria. Results. Preeclampsia with severe feature patients were predominantly in the 20-35 age range (55%), had a middle education level (67,7%), were unemployed (64,5%), had a parity of 2-4 (48,9%), gestational age of 29-36 weeks (49,5%), systolic blood pressure of ≥160 (169,82) mmHg, and diastolic blood pressure of ≥ 110 (111,55) mmHg. Most patients had laboratory results showing hemoglobin < 11 g/dL (58%), platelet count of 150,000-350,000/μl (61%), urine protein +2 (27,6%), SGPT < 55 U/L (80,7%), SGOT ≥ 34 U/L (52,3%), LDH ≥ 220 U/L (83,1%), and serum creatinine < 1.1 mg/dL (74,5%). Cesarean section (93%) was the most common delivery method, with live birth rate at 63% and maternal survival rate at 94%. Independent t-test results showed significant differences in hemoglobin (p=0,044) and platelet (p=0,008) laboratory results between living and deceased maternal outcomes in preeclampsia with severe feature patients. The Mann-Whitney test showed no significant differences in urine protein (p=0,685), SGPT (p=0,854), SGOT (p=0,223), and LDH (p=0,242) laboratory results, but there was a significant difference in serum creatinine (p=0,003) between living and deceased maternal outcomes. Conclusion. Significant differences were found in hemoglobin, platelet, and serum creatinine laboratory results between living and deceased maternal outcomes (p < 0,05). Other laboratory results showed no significant differences (p > 0,05).