Potensi Ekstrak Etanol Daun Delima (Punica granatum L.) untuk Terapi Gastritis Akut pada Tikus Model yang Diinduksi Asam Mefenamat

Abstract

Background. Gastritis is a medical condition when there is inflammation in the stomach lining. Mefenamic acid is one of the causative agents of gastritis. Mefenamic acid inhibits prostaglandin’s production, which protects the stomach lining. Proton pump inhibitors are commonly used as a treatment for gastritis, however, they could cause serious side effects. Therefore, a natural treatment using natural plants is needed to treat gastritis, including pomegranate. Aim. This research aims to investigate the potential of pomegranate ethanol extract as a therapeutic agent for acute gastritis induced by mefenamic acid. Methods. This research is a posttest-only control group design study. Male Wistar rats (150-200 g) induced by mefenamic acid (25mg/day) for 7 days. All rats were then divided into control negative (aquadest), control positive (omeprazole 4 mg/kgBW/day), and pomegranate leaf ethanol extract group (500 mg/kgBW/day) for 7 days. On the 15th day, all rats are terminated and their gastric are biopsized. Gastric mucous morphology is examined macroscopically and microscopically using H&E staining. Gastric mucous damage degree are determined using Barthel Manja criteria. Result and Discussion The number of gastritis lesions in pomegranate leaf ethanol extract rats decreased significantly (p = 0.005), compared to the control negative. The mucosal damage degree of pomegranate leaf ethanol extract rats decreased significantly (p = 0.024), compared to the control negative. Conclusion. Pomegranate leaf ethanol extract has potential in acute gastritis therapy. Pomegranate leaf ethanol extract has a comparable therapeutic effect as omeprazole for acute gastritis.