Prevalensi Terjadinya Hepatic Encephalopathy pada Penderita Sirosis Hati di RSUP H. Adam Malik Medan

Abstract

Introduction. Liver cirrhosis is a chronic disease characterized by the formation of scar tissue in the liver, leading to various serious complications, including hepatic encephalopathy (HE). HE is a neuropsychiatric disorder caused by the accumulation of toxic substances in the brain in patients with impaired liver function. Objective. To determine the prevalence of HE in liver cirrhosis patients treated at H. Adam Malik General Hospital in Medan. Methods. This study used a descriptive design with retrospective data collection from patient medical records from January to December 2023. The sample consisted of 62 patients who met the inclusion criteria. Results and Discussion. The prevalence of HE in liver cirrhosis patients at this hospital in 2023 was 13.39%. The majority of patients were over 50 years old (71%) and male (75.8%). Most patients had HE severity grade 2 (40.3%). Laboratory findings showed elevated bilirubin (82.3%), low albumin (98.4%), prolonged prothrombin time (>6 seconds, 98.4%), INR < 1.7 (58.4%), low hemoglobin (88.7%), and low platelets (71%). According to the Child-Pugh classification, most patients were at grade C severity (77.4%), indicating an advanced stage of liver disease. Conclusion. The prevalence of HE in liver cirrhosis patients was found to be 13.39%, with most patients having a Child-Pugh score of grade C.