Gambaran Pasien Anemia pada Balita Rawat Inap dengan Gizi Buruk di RSUP Haji Adam Malik Medan Tahun 2022–2024

Abstract

Background. Severe wasting can be defined as the nutritional condition of children who experience nutritional deficiencies, so basic needs for development, growth, and body function are not optimal. Anemia in children with severe wasting is a nutritional problem that can interfere with the patient's growth, development, and recovery to return to normal conditions. Objective. To determine the prevalence, severity of anemia, and characteristics of anemia patients among toddlers hospitalized with malnutrition at Haji Adam Malik Medan General Hospital for the period 2022–2024. Method. This research was designed using a descriptive research design with a retrospective cross-sectional approach. The data obtained used secondary medical record data using consecutive sampling technique and analyzed using the frequency distribution test. Results. This study involved 100 severely wasted toddler patients, there were 62 people (62%) who experienced anemia, of which 19 people (30,6%) had mild anemia, 33 people (53,3%) had moderate anemia, and 10 people (16,1%) had severe anemia. Of the 62 severely wasted patients who experienced anemia, the dominant anemia occurred in male patients as many as 38 people (61,3%), with a toddler age group, 6–23 months as many as 39 people (62,9%), with a history of a full term gestation as many as 60 people (96,8%), and 58 people (93,5%) of severely wasted toddlers who experienced anemia had comorbidities. Conclusion. Most of the severely wasted toddlers had anemia (62%) predominantly with moderate anemia, the toddlers were male, in the toddler age group 6–23 months, with a history of a full-term gestation period, and had comorbidities.