Deskripsi Sistem Kekerabatan dan Sapaan pada Etnik Batak Simalungun

Abstract

This research is entitled "Description of the Kinship and Greeting System in the Batak Simalungun Ethnic Group". This research focuses on the internal kinship of the form of the kinship and greeting system, the function of the kinship and greeting system, and the meaning of the kinship and greeting system in the Batak Simalungun ethnic group. The theory used to analyze the research data is the sociolinguistic theory put forward by Abdul Chaer, using a qualitative descriptive research method. The results obtained from this research are: the form of the kinship system in the Batak Simalungun ethnic group occurs through three channels, namely: (1) the speech of manorus „direct‟ (2) the speech of holmouan „group ‟(3) the speech of natipak „honor‟. There are 6 forms of greeting in the Batak Simalungun ethnic group, namely (1) the form of greeting in kinship relationships, (2) the form of greeting to older people outside of kinship relationships, (3) the form of greeting to peers outside of kinship relationships, (4) the form of greeting to younger people, (5) the form pronoun greetings, and (6) forms of surname greetings. The functions of the kinship system in the Batak Simalungun ethnic group are: (1) determining social roles and status, (2) regulating marriage and family, (3) inheritance and descent, (4) social relations, and (5) cultural identity. There are 5 functions of greetings in the Batak Simalungun ethnic group, namely: (1) giving attention to the person you are talking to, (2) being polite in language (3) emphasizing the person you are talking to (4) increasing familiarity, and (5) emphasizing identity. The meaning of the kinship system in the Batak Simalungun ethnic group is as the main foundation that regulates social relations, identity, and the role of individuals in society. There are 5 meanings of greetings in the Batak Simalungun ethnic group, namely: (1) affirming social hierarchy, (2) respecting kinship, (3) applying ethics and customs, (4) adjusting to social context, and (5) cultural and symbolic meaning.