Analisis Faktor Risiko yang Memengaruhi Prevalensi Penyakit Jantung Koroner pada Pasien Rawat Jalan di Rumah Sakit Prof Dr Chairuddin Panusunan Lubis Universitas

Abstract

Background. Coronary heart disease (CHD) is among the most prevalent cardiovascular diseases and is a major cause of death globally. It results from the narrowing and blockage of the coronary arteries, which decreases blood flow to the heart muscle. In Indonesia, CHD ranks as the second leading cause of death, following stroke, with a rate of 12.9%. Various risk factors contribute to CHD, which continues to be a significant global health concern with elevated mortality and morbidity rates. Consequently, there is a need for research to examine the risk factors associated with CHD. Objective. To identify the risk factors that contribute to the prevalence of coronary heart disease at Prof. Dr. Chairuddin Panusunan Lubis Hospital Universitas Sumatera Utara. Methods. This is an analytical observational study with a case-control design. Data were obtained from the medical records of 100 patients at Prof. Dr. Chairuddin Panusunan Lubis Hospital USU in 2023. Results and Discussion. Bivariate analysis using the chi-square test showed that the risk factors associated with the prevalence of CHD at Prof. Dr. Chairuddin Panusunan Lubis Hospital, USU, were age (p value < 0,001), gender (p value = 0,042), hypertension (p value < 0,001), diabetes mellitus (p value = 0,001), overweight (p value = 0,014), and smoking (p value = 0,013). Multivariate analysis using logistic regression showed that age was the most strongly associated risk factor for the prevalence of CHD (OR = 14,578; 95% CI = 3,473-61,195). Conclusion. There is a significant relationship between the factors of age, gender, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, overweight, and smoking with CHD at Prof. Dr. Chairuddin Panusunan Lubis Hospital USU, with age being the most strongly associated risk factor.