Perbandingan Efektivitas Ekstrak Etanol Kulit Jeruk Nipis (Citrus Aurantifolia (Christm.) Swingle) dan Kulit Kayu Manis (Cinnamomum Burmanni) sebagai Anti Bakteri terhadap Staphylococcus Aureus

Abstract

Background. Acute respiratory infection (ARI) caused by Staphylococcus aureus is a growing concern in Indonesia. Irrational use of antibiotic to treat ARI lead to increasing number of antibiotic resistance. Indonesia ranks first in Southeast Asia, with approximately 19,232 plant species, including herbal plants like lime (Citrus aurantifolia (Christm.) Swingle) and cinnamon (Cinnamomum burmanni). Both of this plants contain secondary metabolite works as antibacterial agent such as alkaloid, flavonoid, tannin and saponin, making them potential for alternative therapy. Objective. Determine the comparative efficacy of lime peel extract (Citrus aurantifolia (Christm.) Swingle) and cinnamon extract (Cinnamomum burmanni) in inhibiting Staphylococcus aureus growth. Methods This study used a true experimental design with a post-test only control group design to compare both extract at concentrations of 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, dan 100% using the Kirby-bauer disk diffusion methods. Results. Both extract demonstrated antibacterial effects, indicated by a clear zone around the MHA agar. The highest inhibition zone for extract was observed at the concentration of 100%, with lime peel showing an inhibition zone of 11.6mm and cinnamon showing 20mm. The result of Mann-Whitneyy test indicated p valus <0,05. Conclusion. Phytochemical test of both extract, lime peel (Citrus aurantifolia (Christm.) Swingle) and cinnamon (Cinnamomum burmanni) showed differences in alkaloid content, resulting in a significance difference in effectiveness against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923. The inhibition zone produced by ethanol extract of cinnamon was larger than the ethanol extract of lime peel.