Prarancangan Pabrik Pembuatan Kaprolaktam dari Sikloheksanon Oksim dan Asam Sulfat melalui Proses Beckmann Rearrangement Menggunakan Kalsium Hidroksida sebagai Agen Netralisasi dengan Kapasitas 34.000 Ton/Tahun

Abstract

Preliminary design of caprolactam manufacturing plant from cyclohexanone oxime (C6H10(NOH)) and sulfuric acid (H2SO4) via beckmann rearrangement process is designed with a production capacity of 34,000 tons/year, operating for 330 days annually. The required quantities of cyclohexanone oxime and sulfuric acid are 4,665.423 kg/hour and 6,127.438 kg/hour, respectively. The production process comprises four primary stages, including raw material preparation, beckmann reaction formation, neutralization product, separation and purification. In the beckmann reaction formation stage, a beckmann reactor operates for 1 hour at 100°C. During the neutralization stage, a neutralization reactor maintains similar operational conditions until caprolactam is produced. The caprolactam production process utilizes 12,879.981 kg/hour of saturated steam and 89,226.951 kg/hour of cooling water. The electrical requirement is 495.42 hp, with diesel fuel consumption at 1,116.43 kg/hour. The factory is planned for Manyar Subdistrict, Gresik Regency, East Java Province, occupying a 17,600 m² area. The proposed business entity is a Limited Liability Company (PT) with a line and staff organizational structure, employing approximately 202 personnel. The economic aspect analysis results are as follows: The economic analysis of this plant design includes a Capital Investment (CI) of Rp 886,721,527,187, Total Cost of Rp 1,148,347,127,571, Profit Margin (PM) of 22.93%, Break Even Point (BEP) of 40.56%, Return on Investment (ROI) of 25.27%, Return on Network (RON) of 42.12%, Pay Out Time (POT) of 3 years 11 months, and an Internal Rate of Return (IRR) of 28.35%. Based on the economic analysis, the caprolactam production plant utilizing cyclohexanone oxime and sulfuric acid is deemed feasible for establishment.