Uji Efek Imunomodulator Ekstrak Etanol Kulit Jeruk Kasturi (Citrus microcarpa) terhadap Aktivitas Fagositosis dan Respon Hipersensitivitas Tipe Lambat

Abstract

Background: Immunomodulators are compounds that function in increasing the body's immunity or defence both specifically and non-specifically. Kasturi orange (Citrus microcarpa) is rich in flavonoids and contains vitamin C which may be associated with its immunomodulatory effects. Objective: To determine the immunomodulatory effect of ethanol extract of kasturi orange peel (Citrus microcarpa) can increase phagocytosis activity in male white mice and can increase the slow-type hypersensitivity response in male white mice. Methods: Phagocytic activity was determined by the carbon clearance method while the slow-type hypersensitivity response by measuring leg swelling. Each method was divided into 5 groups, namely negative, positive, and 3 test groups. Mice were given EEKJK doses of 25, 50, 100 mg/kg BW for 7 days then on the 8th day, carbon suspension was injected and the absorbance of carbon in the blood was measured with a UV-Vis spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 640.5 nm, then the mice were sacrificed, lymph and liver were taken. Mice were given EEKJK at doses of 17.5; 35; 70 mg/kg BW then on day 4 were sensitised with Staphylococcus aureus, followed by treatment until day 14. On day 14, the initial volume of the foot was measured with a pletismometer and then staphylococcus aureus was injected again. Measured leg volume 24 hours after injection, calculated the volume of leg swelling. Result: The results showed that EEKJK doses of 25; 50; 100 mg/kg BB could increase phagocytic activity with the highest stimulation index shown by the dose of 100 mg/kg BB. In slow-type hypersensitivity, EEKJK doses of 17.5; 35; 70 mg/kg BB can increase the response of slow-type hypersensitivity with doses of 35 and 70 mg/kg BB giving a better effect than the positive control of levamisole 25 mg/kg BB. Conclusion: EEKJK has immunomodulatory effects on phagocytic activity and slow-type hypersensitivity response.