Prarancangan Pabrik Smelter Grade Alumina Refinery dengan Bahan Baku Bauksit dan Natrium Hidroksida melalui Proses Bayer dengan Kapasitas 1.300.000 Ton/Tahun

Abstract

Indonesia is one of the countries with the largest bauxite reserves in the world, yet the processing of bauxite into value-added products such as alumina has not been fully optimized. Alumina obtained from bauxite refining is an important material with a broad market segmentation, particularly as a raw material for aluminum production. The main objective of this preliminary plant design is to provide a technical and economic overview of establishing an alumina plant in Indonesia utilizing the Bayer process. The Bayer process used in this design consists of several stages, including grinding (raw material preparation), digestion (extraction), settling and washing (impurity separation), precipitation (crystallization), and calcination. The Bayer process is more economical, requires relatively low energy, and involves shorter stages compared to other processes. Based on the economic analysis of the smelter grade alumina refinery plant designed, a capital investment of Rp. 5.23 trillion is required, with total operational costs amounting to Rp. 8.24 trillion. The plant is projected to have a profit margin of 16.99%, a break-even point of 30.54%, and a return on investment (ROI) of 21.18%. The pay-out time (POT) is estimated at 4.72 years, with a return on network (RON) of 35.30% and an internal rate of return (IRR) of 22.49%. Based on these results, the plant is considered feasible for establishment.