Pra Rancangan Pabrik Pembuatan Selulosa Asetat Dari Daun Nanas Menggunakan Metode Emil Heuser dengan Kapasitas 12.000 Ton/Tahun

Abstract

Cellulose acetate is cellulose whose hydroxyl groups have been replaced by acetyl groups. Cellulose acetate is a white solid, tasteless, odorless and non-toxic. Cellulose acetate has high commercial value because it has good physical and optical characteristics, so it is widely used as a fiber for textiles, cigarette filters, plastics, photographic films, lacquers, paper coatings and membranes. In addition, Cellulose acetate has high attractiveness because it is biodegradable so it is environmentally friendly. The main objective in designing this plant is to implement the Chemical Engineering discipline and to provide initial information in designing a cellulose acetate plant from pineapple leaves. pre-design of a plant for making cellulose acetate form pineapple leaves with a capacity of 12.000 tons/year operates with emil heuser method and operating time for 330 days in one year. The main process in this pre-design consists of 3 process stages, namely : pineapple leaves pre-treatment process, delignification process and acetylation process. In the acetylation stage, a type of reactor is used Continuous Stirred Tank which operates at a temperature of 40℃ at a pressure of 1 atm for half an hour. The amount of Pineapple Leaves needed to achieve a cellulose acetate production capacity of 12,000 tons/year or 1515.152 kg/hour is 2011.563 kg/hour. The plant for making cellulose acetate from pineapple leaves is planned to be established in Tulang Bawang Regency, Dente Teladas District, Lampung with a land area of around 18,300 m2. The water requirement at this plant is supplied form Seputih river, Tulang Bawang Regency, Lampung as much as 272.448,446 kg/hour. The planned form of company organization is Perseroan Terbatas (PT) with a line and staff organizational structure and a total 154 employees. For the establishment an operation of the plant requires investment capital of IDR 2.143.936.725.824,- and production costs of IDR 2.056.126.525.148,-. Based on the feasibility analysis, this plant has a BEP 18,08%, ROI of 26,85%, POT for 3,72 years, RON of 44,75% and IRR of 33,72%. Based of the result of the economic analysis, it can be concluded that the “Pre-Design of a Plant for Making Cellulose Acetate form Pineapple Leaves Using the Emil Heuser Method with a Capacity of 12.000 Tons/Year” is feasible to be established.