Pra Rancangan Pabrik Pembuatan Bubuk Skim Santan Kelapa (Coconut Skimmed Powder) dengan Kapasitas 400 Ton/Tahun dan Tugas Khusus Rancangan Keteknikan Detail Spray Dryer

Abstract

Coconut skimmed powder is obtained from coconut skimmed milk from the separation of the upper (cream; contains a lot of oil) and lower (skim; contains a lot of protein and water) layers of pure coconut milk from centrifugation with the help of drying methods. The drying process of coconut skim powder is pursued under conditions without involving high temperatures. Coconut skim powder can be used as a milk substitute for the preparation of desserts as well as a substitute for coconut milk in food. Preliminary Design of Coconut Skimmed Powder Manufacturing Plant with a Capacity of 400 Tonnes/Year and operating for 330 days in one year. The manufacture of Coconut Skimmed Powder is divided into 3 stages and 2 main processes, namely the raw material preparation stage, the coconut milk skimmed powder formation process, the VCO formation stage, the product formation process and the product packaging stage. The specific task completed was the detailed engineering design of a spray dryer to reduce the water content in the coconut milk skimmed in order to obtain coconut milk skimmed powder. The designed spray dryer has the following specifications:  Drying tower height = 11.121 m  Conical height = 1.405 m  Cylinder height = 9.616 m  Thickness of spray dryer = 0.378 in (standard ts = ½ in)  Number of droplet holes = 228 pieces  Dead weight of spray dryer = 7,112.976 kg  Spray Dryer shell material = Stainless Steel SA-316 Grade C The Coconut Skimmed Powder Manufacturing Plant is planned to be established in Karangsono Kec. Kanigoro, Blitar Regency, East Java Province, Indonesia. The required land area is 16,153.5 m2 with a building and other facilities area of 14,685 m2. The form of business entity planned is a Limited Liability Company (PT) with a line and staff organisational structure and the number of workers required is 208 people. The results of the analysis of the economic aspects of the pre-design of the coconut skimmed powder manufacturing plant obtained are as follows: 1. Capital Investment = Rp. 291.944.019.645,81 2. Total Cost = Rp. 147.118.572.571,07 3. Total Sales = Rp. 257,575,347,729.02 4. Net Profit = Rp. 72.348.959.340,88 5. Profit Margin (PM) = 40,10%. 6. Break Event Point (BEP) = 41.31%. 7. Return on Investment (ROI) = 24.78%. 8. Pay Out Time (POT) = 4.035 years or 4 years 1 month 9. Return on Network (RON) = 41,31% 10. Internal Rate of Return (IRR) = 43.66% Based on the results of the economic aspect analysis, it can be concluded that the Coconut Skimmed Powder Manufacturing Plant from coconut fruit without coir’ is feasible to be established.