Pengaruh Indeks Pembangunan Manusia, Ketimpangan Pendapatan dan Persentase Penduduk Miskin terhadap Indeks Kedalaman Kemiskinan Di 10 Provinsi Pulau Sumatera

Abstract

Poverty is a problem in development that must be reduced because it can cause several social and economi problems. Particularly in 10 Provinces on the island of Sumatera Island still faces this problem among regions. Based on the existing theories and some researches that have been done, the poverty problem is generally related to some factors such as quality of human resources, income inequality, and the number of poor people. This study aims to examine and analyze the effect of the human development index, gini ratio and the headcount index on the poverty gap index in 10 Provinces of Sumatera Insland. The type of research used is descriptive quantitative, while the source of data used in this study is secondary data from BPS. The object of this research is 10 Provinces of Sumatera Insland. This study uses panel data with cross section in 10 Provinces of Sumatera island and a times series for 6 years, starting from 2018 to 2023. The analytical method used is panel regression. The results showed that the best model was Random Effect. Based on the regression results, it was known that Partially the percentage of poor population had a positive and significant effect on the level of poverty gap index. While the human development index and gini ratio variables have no significant effect on poverty gap index. Simultaneously the independent variables, namely the human development index, gini ratio and the headcount index on the poverty gap index in 10 Provinces of Sumatera Insland level with a Prob value (F-statistic) of 0.00000 < 0.05.