Hubungan Ekspresi SMARCA2 Subunit SWI/SNF dengan Stadium Karsinoma Nasofaring

Abstract

Introduction: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a malignant tumor originating from the epithelium of the upper layer of the nasopharynx. A gene called SMARCA2 was identified as a candidate tumor suppressor gene. SMARCA2 expression is frequently decreased in NPC cell lines and primary tumors suggesting that SMARCA2 may be epigenetically inactivated in NPC. Objective: This study aims to determine the expression of SMARCA2 as a tumor suppressor gene in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Method: This research is an analytical study with a cross sectional study using paraffin blocks from NPC patients who were examined by RT PCR by assessing SMARCA2 expression on tumor progression. Results: The subjects of this research were 25 people. The mean SMARCA2 expression of all subjects in this study was 0.50. There was no significant relationship between SMARCA2 levels and histopathological type (p = 0.242), tumor mass expansion (p = 0.708), lymph node enlargement (p = 0.694), and NPC stage (p = 0.782). Conclusion: This study shows that there is a tendency for increased SMARCA2 expression in NPC. Promoter hypermethylation and histone deacetylation are the primary mechanisms for SMARCA2 transcriptional inactivation in this cancer.