Faktor-faktor Risiko yang Berhubungan dengan Nyeri Punggung Bawah pada Perawat di Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Haji Adam Malik

Abstract

Low back pain (LBP) is one of the most common musculoskeletal complaints experienced by nurses, which can impact their quality of life, productivity, and healthcare services. This study aims to identify the risk factors associated with low back pain among nurses. The study population comprised all inpatient nurses in Rindu A ward at Haji Adam Malik General Hospital, with a total sample of 106 participants. The research design used was descriptive-exploratory with a total sampling technique. Univariate analysis was conducted using frequency distribution tables. The results showed that the majority of respondents were young adults (21-40 years old), accounting for 58 individuals (54.7%), with females constituting 85 respondents (80.2%). A total of 59 respondents (55.7%) had a work experience of 6-10 years, and 84 respondents (79.2%) worked for ≥8 hours per shift. Based on BMI, 51 respondents (48.1%) had a normal BMI. The findings indicated that 3 respondents (2.8%) were at high risk of experiencing low back pain, 40 respondents (37.7%) were at moderate risk, and 34 respondents (32.1%) were at low risk. High-risk low back pain was found among 3 respondents (2.8%) with heavy workloads, while moderate-risk low back pain was observed in 26 respondents (24.5%) with moderate workloads. Low-risk low back pain was more prevalent among respondents with light workloads, totaling 23 individuals (21.7%). The results of this study are expected to provide a better understanding of the risk factors contributing to low back pain among nurses and serve as a basis for developing more effective workplace health interventions and policies to prevent and reduce the prevalence of low back pain. Ultimately, this can help improve nurses' well-being and the overall quality of healthcare services.