Rancang Bangun Solar Tracker Berbasis Arduino untuk Meningkatkan Efisiensi Pemasok Daya pada Stasiun Pengisian Daya Ponsel Genggam Menggunakan Panel Surya

Abstract

The advancement of modern communication technology, especially the use of smartphones, has driven the need for a reliable power source to maintain device operation. However, accessibility to battery charging sources in open public areas such as parks and beaches is still limited. Considering the potential risks of fossil fuel scarcity and the environmental impact of its use, solar energy emerges as a promising alternative. Indonesia, located in the equatorial region, has great potential to utilize solar energy through solar panels. However, many solar panel installations are currently static, so the efficiency of energy absorption decreases due to changes in the position of the sun throughout the day. This study aims to design and develop a solar tracker system based on Arduino using LDR (Light Dependant Resistor) and stepper motor to improve the efficiency of solar energy absorption. Testing was conducted by comparing the performance of solar panels equipped with solar tracker technology and static solar panels placed at an optimal angle. The solar panel module equipped with solar tracker technology has proven to be able to absorb power generated by solar radiation more efficiently compared to static solar panels placed at their optimal angle. The efficiency of the solar panel with a solar tracker reaches 9.34%, while the solar panel without a solar tracker reaches 8.73%.